Daniel s



Patented Aug. 21, 1855.

Fay I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Aug. 21. 1855.

NIT SS FGE.

DANIEL S. JAMES, OF NEXV MARKET, "IRGINIA, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, J. B.WHITE, AND J. W. MCINTYRE.

CORN AND COB MILL.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 13,476, dated August 21, 1855.

To all whom, 2'2, may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL S. JAMES, of New Market, Shenandoah county,and State of Virginia, have invented a new and useful Improvement inCorn and Cob Crushers; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation ofthe same; reference being had to the annexed drawing, forming part ofthis specification in which Figure l is an elevation of the crusher witha portion of shell broken out, showing the surface of the inner grinder.Fig. 2 is a vertical section through axis of main shaft on line w a,Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line y g Fig. 2 showingrelative position of cogged rim and pinions. Fig. 4 is a horizontalsection on line a: m, Fig. 2.

Similar characters of reference denote the same part.

The invention here considered refers to those corn and cob crushers inwhich a simultaneous rotation of both shell and bur is produced by powerapplied directly to the shell, its object being the diminution offriction and the consequent facility of operating the machine.

It consists in the suspension of the rotary concave or shell upon ashoulder of the main spindle by an arch crossing the top of the shell,the said shell being kept in position and communicating rotation to theburr by a connection at bottom with the bur, through a cogged rim andpinions as will be set forth. The shell being by this arrangementenabled to rotate with no other vertical support than the aforesaidshoulder, thereby diminishing to a great extent the friction whichnecessarily obtains in other modes of supporting the shell when itsrotation gives motion to the bur.

The details of construction and operation will readily be understoodfrom the following description and reference to the drawing, in whichthe several parts are thus represented.

A, concave or shell, supported upon shoulder a of spindle by arch Z),and steadied at bottom by cogged rim R; B, interior grinding surface ofhell form, supported by cross arms 0 on the shoulder (Z of slidinghollow shaft 6, and rotating with said hollow shaft by reason of itsoctagon cross section as shown in Fig. 4; C, pinion on hollow shaft 6supported by lever L, by the movement of which the position of grindingsurface B is governed; D D, ainions turning on spindles f f, and meshingwith rim R and pinion 0; they rest on the stand S and have no motion oftranslation; R, cogged rim, held concentric with base of shell A byscrews g, and having an opening at junction of arms h passing overhollow shaft 6, which below shoulder (Z has a circular cross section; E,main spindle, stepped at e, supporting shell A, and possessing norotation; L, lever supporting and regulating bell B, the teeth of aratchet r holding the lever in any desired position; H, hopper fastenedto the shell and rotating with it; G, stand bolted to the bed I; J,levers fastened to the shell to which the power is applied.

The revolution of the shell A imparts a rotation to the pinion C in theopposite direction with a velocity depending on the number of cogs onthe rim and pinion; the ratio shown in the drawing is one to three. Thehollow shaft 6 secured to pinion C carries with it the inner grinder B,so that the substance to be ground passes between the roughened surfacesA and B which rotate in opposite directions; the distance between thembeing determined by the lever L. This lever may have on it a movableweight to give the required position to the bell B. During this doublerotation of shell and bur, the shell is supported vertically on theshoulder of the main shaft, between which and the arch I) there iscomparatively but little friction, owing to the small extent of thesurfaces in contact, which are reduced to the smallest practical limit;the bottom connection with the bur preserving the shell accurately inposition. Thus giving all the advantage of the double rotation with butlittle greater expenditure of power than would be required to rotate thebur alone. This advantage, due to the mode of hanging the shell andconnecting it at bottom with the bur, by cogged rim and pinions asdescribed, renders the invention of considerable importance in theconstruction of machines of this character.

I make no claim to any of the parts of the machine separatelyconsidered; neither do I claim the simultaneous rotation of shell and 10by friction is greatly diminished and consequent facility of operationattained as hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name before tWosubscribing Witnesses.

DANIEL S. JAMES.

Witnesses GEO. PATTEN, JOHN L. SMITH.

